- Details
Input variables
Generic variables
These variables can be found in virtually all reports as input variables
Design Pressure – Pd
Pressure assumed to be present in the component according to the design terms
Design Temperature – Td
Temperature assumed to be present in the component according to the design terms
Material (header/branch)
Name of selected material used for the construction of the component
Specific variables
These variables are component specific
Outside Diameter header and branch – De, De2
Outside diameter of the attached part. The diameter runs from the outside of the wall to the opposite outside of the wall, through the center of the circle. Generally the branch is smaller in diameter than the header.
Nominal Thickness header, branch and reinforcement – dn, d2n, d3n
Thickness ‘as is’, meaning it is the design thickness taking into account corrosion and tolerance.
Corrosion header and branch – Ca, Ca2
Amount of thickness that accounts for the possible effects of corrosions.
Tolerance header, branch and reinforcement – tol, tol2, tol3
Tolerance in thickness for production
Strength reduction coefficient header and branch – zh, zb
Effectiveness of the strength, depending on whether joints are seamless, welded, or expected to perform worse than the base material properties
Angle centerline branch – γ
Angle between the centerline of the branch and the line perpendicular to the header centerline.
Reinforcement width – wr
Width of the reinforcement. The width equals the outer radius minus the inner radius.
Calculated Values
Allowable Operating Stress header, branch and reinforcement – f, f1, f2
Stress in the component at which it is still allowed (without failure) to use the component
Allowable stress at 20 °C header, branch and reinforcement – ft, f1t, f2t
Stress in the component at which it is still allowed (without failure) to use the component at 20 °C ambient temperature
Stress ratio branch/header – f1/f, f1t/ft
Ratio of operating stresses of the branch and the header. This ratio must be ≤ 1.
Stress ratio reinforcement/header – f2/f, f2t/ft
Ratio of operating stresses of the reinforcement and the header. This ratio must be ≤ 1.
Required thickness header pipe and branch pipe – dr, d2r
Based on the input, this is the calculated thickness that is required to sustain the loads. The nominal value should be smaller than the nominal design thickness.
Reinforcement limit header direction – Wmax
Length from the branch outside diameter to the end of the header reinforcement zone.
Reinforcement limit branch direction – Hmax
Length from the header outside diameter to the end of the branch reinforcement zone.
Material area header – A0
Cross-sectional area of header material between reinforcement limits.
Material area branch – A1
Cross-sectional area of branch material between reinforcement limits.
Material area of extra added reinforcement including welds – A2
Cross-sectional area of reinforcement material between reinforcement limits.
Total available material area – A
Total cross-sectional area of material between reinforcement limits. Sum of areas is corrected for stress ratios.
Total pressure area – Ap
Total cross-sectional area with pressure in header and branch between reinforcement limits.
Strength reduction coefficient at opening – z3
Effectiveness of the strength in the opening.
Maximum Allowable Working Pressure – MAWP
The maximum pressure at which the component can be used in operation. This value should be larger than the design pressure.
Design margin – Pd / MAWP
Ratio of the design pressure to MAWP
Maximum Allowable Test Pressure – MATP
The maximum pressure at which the component should be tested and survive.
Tapering header and branch
The tapering of the header and branch on connecting pipes is checked.
Scope errors
Design temperature material is out of scope.
The material properties are not available at the design temperature.
Angle branch is out of scope (center line branch to header wall): required is 45° ≤ α ≤ 135°.
This code determines a minimum and maximum branch angle.
Angle branch is out of scope (center line branch to header wall): required is 45° ≤ γ ≤ 90°.
This code determines a minimum and maximum branch angle.
Errors
Can’t find material ‘MaterialName’ in database
Material could not be found in database. Select an existing material name, or select another material via the material selection window.
Insufficient wall thickness for header
Wall thickness is insufficient to bear the applied loads. Increase the wall thickness.
Insufficient wall thickness for branch
Wall thickness is insufficient to bear the applied loads. Increase the wall thickness.
Insufficient reinforcement: required is z3 ≥ zmin.
Reinforcement area is too small. Increase the reinforcement width or wall thickness of reinforcement, header or branch.
Warnings
Tapering header in reinforced zone.
Indicates tapering of header in reinforced zone.
Tapering branch in reinforced zone.
Indicates tapering of branch in reinforced zone.
- Details
Input variables
Generic variables
These variables can be found in virtually all reports as input variables
Design Pressure – Pd
Pressure assumed to be present in the component according to the design terms
Design Temperature – Td
Temperature assumed to be present in the component according to the design terms
Material (header/branch)
Name of selected material used for the construction of the component
Specific variables
These variables are component specific
Outside Diameter (tapered) header and (tapered) branch – De, De′, D2, D2′
Outside diameter of the attached part. The diameter runs from the outside of the wall to the opposite outside of the wall, through the center of the circle. Generally the branch is smaller in diameter than the header.
Nominal Thickness (tapered) header and (tapered) branch – dn, dn′, d2n, d2n′
Thickness ‘as is’, meaning it is the design thickness taking into account corrosion and tolerance.
Tapered section
Section in which the thickness of either the branch or header gradually changes to the thickness of the pipe.
Corrosion – Ca
Amount of thickness that accounts for the possible effects of corrosions.
Tolerance – tol
Tolerance in thickness for production
Strength reduction coefficient – z
Effectiveness of the strength, depending on whether joints are seamless, welded, or expected to perform worse than the base material properties
Half width header direction – W0
Distance from the centerline of the branch part to the end of the header part indicated by the direction.
Half height branch direction – H0
Distance from the centerline of the header part to the end of the branch part indicated by the direction.
Crotch outside radius factor – Rf
Tee transition outside radius factor. Used value is 0.67 when dimension standards do not provide a value.
Crotch thickness factor – CF
Tee crotch thickness factor. Used value is 1.25 when dimension standards do not provide a value.
Tee transition outside radius header to branch – R
Tee crotch outside radius. Radius is calculated or user defined.
Nominal Crotch Thickness – dcn
Crotch thickness is calculated or user defined.
Calculated Values
Allowable Stress at Temperature – f
Stress in the component at which it is still allowed (without failure) to use the component
Allowable stress at 20 °C – ft
Stress in the component at which it is still allowed (without failure) to use the component at 20 °C ambient temperature
Header inside diameter at the reinforcement limit – Di*
Inside diameter of the header where the header meets the outside diameter of the branch at the reinforcement limit.
Header thickness at the reinforcement limit – d*
Thickness of the header where the header meets the outside diameter of the branch at the reinforcement limit.
Branch inside diameter at the reinforcement limit – Di2*
Inside diameter of the branch where the branch meets the outside diameter of the header at the reinforcement limit.
Branch thickness at the reinforcement limit – d2*
Thickness of the branch where the branch meets the outside diameter of the header at the reinforcement limit.
Reinforcement limit header direction – Wh
Length from the branch outside diameter to the end of the header reinforcement zone.
Reinforcement limit branch direction – Hb
Length from the header outside diameter to the end of the branch reinforcement zone.
Total material area – A
Total cross-sectional material area in tee between reinforcement limits.
Total pressure area – Ap
Total cross-sectional area with pressure in tee between reinforcement limits.
Minimum strength reduction coefficient at opening – zmin
Minimum required effectiveness of the strength in the opening.
Strength reduction coefficient at opening – z3
Effectiveness of the strength in the opening.
Maximum Allowable Working Pressure – MAWP
The maximum pressure at which the component can be used in operation. This value should be larger than the design pressure.
Design margin – Pd / MAWP
Ratio of the design pressure to MAWP
Maximum Allowable Test Pressure – MATP
The maximum pressure at which the component should be tested and survive.
Tapering header and branch
The tapering of the header and branch on connecting pipes is checked.
Scope errors
Design temperature material is out of scope.
The material properties are not available at the design temperature.
Errors
Can’t find material ‘MaterialName’ in database
Material could not be found in database. Select an existing material name, or select another material via the material selection window.
Insufficient wall thickness for header
Wall thickness is insufficient to bear the applied loads. Increase the wall thickness of the header.
Insufficient wall thickness for branch
Wall thickness is insufficient to bear the applied loads. Increase the wall thickness of the branch.
Insufficient strength reduction coefficient for tee: required is z3 ≥ zmin (D0201)
Strength reduction coefficient is too small. Increase the reinforcement area or thickness.
Warnings
Tapering header in reinforced zone.
Indicates tapering of header in reinforced zone.
Tapering branch in reinforced zone.
Indicates tapering of branch in reinforced zone.
Remarks
Branch thickness is large, maximum used in calculation is twice the header thickness.
This code determines for branches a maximum thickness.
Branch thickness tapering is large, maximum used in calculation is twice the tapered header thickness.
This code determines for branches a maximum thickness.
- Details
Input variables
Generic variables
These variables can be found in virtually all reports as input variables
Design Pressure – Pd
Pressure assumed to be present in the component according to the design terms
Design Temperature – Td
Temperature assumed to be present in the component according to the design terms
Material (header/branch)
Name of selected material used for the construction of the component
Specific variables
These variables are component specific.
Outside Diameter branch and header – D0, De
Outside diameter of the attached part. The diameter runs from the outside of the wall to the opposite outside of the wall, through the center of the circle.
Inside Diameter – D1
Inside diameter at the top.
Shoulder Diameter – D2
Largest outside diameter.
Diameter hole in header – D3
Internal diameter opening between header and branch. Equal to the inside diameter at the bottom.
Overall height branch – H0
Height from top to bottom.
Height at shoulder to branch – H1
Height from the top to the largest outside diameter
Height at inside beveled area – H2
Height from the bottom to the smallest inside diameter.
Height at welding area header – H3
Available height at bottom for welding
Gap between header and weldolet – Gap
Clearance distance at bottom for welding
Nominal Thickness Header – dn
Thickness ‘as is’, meaning it is the design thickness taking into account corrosion and tolerance.
Corrosion – Ca, Cah
Amount of thickness that accounts for the possible effects of corrosion.
Tolerance header– tolh
Tolerance in thickness for production
Strength reduction coefficient header – zh
Effectiveness of the strength, depending on whether joints are seamless, welded, or expected to perform worse than the base material properties.
Calculated Values
Allowable Operating Stress – f1, f
Stress in the component at which it is still allowed (without failure) to use the component. The additional h indicates the same variable but for the header.
Allowable stress at 20 °C – f1t, ft
Stress in the component at which it is still allowed (without failure) to use the component at 20 °C ambient temperature. The additional h indicates the same variable but for the header.
Stress ratio – f1/f, f1t/ft
Ratio of the allowable stresses in the branch and the header
Reinforcement limit header direction – L0
Length from the branch outside diameter to the end of the header reinforcement zone.
Reinforcement limit branch direction – L1
Length from the header outside diameter to the end of the branch reinforcement zone.
Material area header – A0
Cross-sectional area of header material between reinforcement limits.
Material area branch – A12
Cross-sectional area of branch material between reinforcement limits.
Total material area – A
Total cross-sectional material area in header and branch between reinforcement limits.
Pressure area header – Ap0
Cross-sectional area with pressure in header between reinforcement limits.
Pressure area branch – Ap12
Cross-sectional area with pressure in branch between reinforcement limits.
Total pressure area – Ap
Total cross-sectional area with pressure in header and branch between reinforcement limits.
Minimum strength reduction coefficient at opening – zmin
Minimum required effectiveness of the strength in the opening.
Strength reduction coefficient at opening – z3
Effectiveness of the strength in the opening.
Maximum Allowable Working Pressure – MAWP
The maximum pressure at which the component can be used in operation. This value should be larger than the design pressure.
Design margin – Pd / MAWP
Ratio of the design pressure to MAWP
Maximum Allowable Test Pressure – MATP
The maximum pressure at which the component should be tested and survive.
Scope errors
Design temperature material is out of scope.
The material properties are not available at the design temperature.
No header pipe dimensions specified.
A header pipe is needed for the calculations.
Errors
Can’t find material ‘MaterialName’ in database
Material could not be found in database. Select an existing material name, or select another material via the material selection window.
Insufficient wall thickness for header
Wall thickness is insufficient to bear the applied loads. Increase the wall thickness of the header.
Insufficient strength reduction coefficient for header: required is z3 ≥ zmin (D0201).
Strength reduction coefficient is too small. Increase the reinforcement area or thickness.