Input variables
Generic variables
These variables can be found in virtually all reports as input variables for reducers (concentric/eccentric).
Design Pressure – Pc
Pressure assumed to be present in the component according to the design terms
Design Temperature – T
Temperature assumed to be present in the component according to the design terms
Material
Name of selected material used for the construction of the component
Specific variables
These variables are component specific
Large/Small
Large and Small refer to the large pipe end and the smaller (reduced) pipe end respectively
Outside Diameter – Do (Large/Small)
Outside diameter of the attached part. The diameter runs from the outside of the wall to the opposite outside of the wall, through the center of the circle.
Nominal Thickness cylindrical end – en (Large/Small)
Thickness ‘as is’, meaning it is the design thickness taking into account corrosion and tolerance.
Nominal Thickness knuckle on adjacent sides – e1n, e2n (Large/Small)
Thickness ‘as is’, meaning it is the design thickness taking into account corrosion and tolerance.
Nominal inside or outside knuckle radius – rn (Large/Small)
Nominal inside radius (at large end) or outside radius (at small end) of the knuckle.
Corrosion – c0
Amount of thickness that accounts for the possible effects of corrosions.
Tolerance – c1 (Large/Small)
Tolerance in thickness for production
Joint coefficient – z
Effectiveness of the strength, depending on whether joints are seamless, welded, or expected to perform worse than the base material properties
Overall length – L
Length of the entire reducer
Length conical part – Lc
Length of the part that reduces gradually in diameter and hence, forms a conical shape
Angle cone – α
The angle of the conical section, or the slope with which the diameter reduces.
Calculated Values
Allowable Stress at Temperature – f
Stress in the component at which it is still allowed (without failure) to use the component.
Allowable stress at 20 °C – ft
Stress in the component at which it is still allowed (without failure) to use the component at testing condition.
Nominal Required Thickness cylinder, cone, junction – ecylrn, econrn, ejrn (Large/Small)
Based on the input, this is the calculated thickness that is required to sustain the loads. The nominal value should be smaller than the nominal design thickness.
Nominal Required Thickness cylinder, cone and knuckle at junction – e1,2rn (Large/Small)
Based on the input, this is the calculated thickness that is required to sustain the loads. The nominal value should be smaller than the nominal design thickness.
Maximum Allowable Working Pressure – MAWP (Large/Small)
The maximum pressure at which the component can be used in operation. This value should be larger than the design pressure.
Design margin – Pc/MAWP (Large/Small)
Ratio of the design pressure to MAWP
Maximum Allowable Test Pressure – MATP (Large/Small)
The maximum pressure at which the component should be tested and survive.
Scope errors
Reducer angle is out of scope: maximum angle is 75°
This code determines a maximum reducer angle.
Cylinder thickness at large end is out of scope: required is ea cos(α) / Dc > 0.001
This code determines a minimum thickness.
Knuckle radius at large end is out of scope: required is r < 0.3 Dc
This code determines a maximum radius.
Errors
Can’t find material ‘MaterialName’ in database
Material could not be found in database. Select an existing material name, or select another material via the material selection window.
Insufficient wall thickness ecyl at large end.
Wall thickness is insufficient to bear the applied loads. Increase the wall thickness.
Insufficient wall thickness e1,2 at large end.
Wall thickness is insufficient to bear the applied loads. Increase the wall thickness.
Insufficient wall thickness econ at large end.
Wall thickness is insufficient to bear the applied loads. Increase the wall thickness.
Insufficient wall thickness ecyl at small end.
Wall thickness is insufficient to bear the applied loads. Increase the wall thickness.
Insufficient wall thickness e1,2 at small end.
Wall thickness is insufficient to bear the applied loads. Increase the wall thickness.
Insufficient wall thickness econ at small end.
Wall thickness is insufficient to bear the applied loads. Increase the wall thickness.
Insufficient wall thickness ECCENTRIC reducer (see EN 13480 6.4.9).
Wall thickness is insufficient to bear the applied loads. Increase the wall thickness.
Calculation errors
Can't calculate required junction thickness large end. Please check input data.
An error occured in the calculation for the required thickness.
Can't calculate required junction thickness small end. Please check input data.
An error occured in the calculation for the required thickness.
Error in calculations 6.4 for small end.
An error occured in the calculations for the small end.